With the development of industrialization and urbanization. heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils tends to accumulate rapidly and harm human health. Visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy provides the feasibility of fast monitoring of the variation of heavy metals. This study explored the potential of fractional-order derivative (FOD). https://countryscenesaddleryandpetsuppliers.shop/product-category/country-clothing/